CasualZOnE 逍遥站: April 2011

List down my basic linux commands as my reference

Basic

cd folder
cd ..
cd ../..
pwd -->show path
man xx -->manual of command xx (eg: man rm)
cp --> copy
rm -rf -->force to remove (-f), including directory (-r)
rm -i -->remove with prompt
mv x1 x2 -->rename or move file into a directory
uname -a -->check linux version & machine info (print system information)
du -ah . -->check total used disk space
df -ah . -->check disk usage, can know total used & available free disk space
top --> to check processes that are running
jobs
ps --&gt show running process
grep xx --> to grep xx from a file or process
kill -9 PID --> kill the process with PID number, which can get from top
ln -s xx1 xx2 -->soft link command
usermount --> A graphical tool to mount, unmount and format filesystems
cd /mnt/ -->mount directory
cd /media/ --> media mounted directory eg usb
pushd
popd

editor

vi
vim
nedit
emacs
tkdiff (make comparison between two files)

Tar command

man tar
tar -xvf file.tar
tar -xvfz file.tar.gz
tar -xvfj file tar.bz2
tar -cvf create.tar folder/

Admin

su -->super user (root)
sudo xx -->
ldd -->check dynamic link (eg #ldd /usr/bin/vim)
rpm -ivh xxx.rpm
yum install xxx
yum search xxx

network

/sbin/ifconfig -->showing network
/sbin/iwconfig -->showing wireless network
/sbin/iwlist --> list of wireless network
ping www.google.com

To restart network:
type # /etc/init.d/network restart

To start Linux network service:
# /etc/init.d/network start

To stop Linux network service: [type whole path]
# /etc/init.d/network stop

#/sbin/service network restart

setup hosts

vi /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
127.0.0.1 circuit.localdomain circuit

alternative way

vi /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME="circuit "

.bashrc or .cshrc

add this

export PATH=$PATH:/sbin:/usr/sbin #will include /sbin/ command like ifconfig

Install program path
It is better to save into this path because all user can use them

/usr/local/bin/

Boot file

store in /boot/grub

Auto Mount file

/etc/fstab

LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda7         swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sda8               /app                    ext3    defaults        0 0
/dev/sda3               /mnt/win_c              ntfs-3g auto    0 0
/dev/sda5               /mnt/win_f              ntfs-3g auto    0 0

secure copy

scp -r directory_tobe_copy username@my_local_pc_IP:. ( "." to home )
scp -r directory_tobe_copy username@my_local_pc_IP:/app/. ( copy to /app/ )
scp -r directory_tobe_copy my_local_pc_IP:/app/. ( same username & copy to /app/ )

SSH

ssh username@remote_pc_IP (diff username)
ssh remote_pc_IP (same username)

VNC
download realvnc from webpage
untar it to install

enable gnome in vnc

cd .vnc
vi xstartup

add the following change in the last line

#twm & (commend out the twm by)
exec gnome-session & (add this)

VI